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+# Unit 4
+
+## Section 1: Physical Database Design
+
+* transform logical database model into a physical database model.
+* physical model is the last stage of database design.
+* detailed specification of the database structure.
+ * definition of:
+ * physical names
+ * formats
+ * locations of physical records
+ * their fields
+
+Read: Chapter 5
+* the physical database design process
+* designing fields
+* denormalizing and partitioning data
+
+Important terms:
+
+* field:
+* data type:
+* data integrity:
+* denormalization:
+* horizontal partitioning:
+* vertical partitioning:
+
+## Section 2: File Organization and Database Architectures
+
+Outcomes:
+
+* discuss criteria for organizing file organization
+* compare three basic file organization methods
+* organize files according to the three basic file organization methods
+* cluster records to reduce the data access time
+* determine when to use indexes
+* describe parallel processing and explain how it is used to improve performance
+
+Read:
+
+* Designing physical database files
+* Using and selecting indexes
+* Designing a database for optimal query performance