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<title>Section 3: Mobility Management</title>
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<h2>Learning Objectives</h2>
<p>After successfully completing this section, you should be able to</p>
<ol>
<li>explain deferent degrees of mobility.</li>
<li>explain the challenges mobile devices caused to the network layer.</li>
<li>explain how roaming occurs on visited networks.</li>
<li>describe the characteristics of mobile computer networks.</li>
<li>explain the underlying concepts, issues, and technologies of mobile computer networks.</li>
</ol>
<h2>Learning Tasks</h2>
<p>Required:</p>
<ol>
<li>Watch the <a href="03_Documents07/comp347u7s3.pdf?isCourseFile=true" target="_self">slideshow</a> for this section</li>
<li>Study the following sections of the textbook:</li>
</ol>
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<p>7.5 Mobility Management: Principles<br>7.6 Mobility Management in Practice<br>7.7 Wireless and Mobility: Impact on Higher-Layer Protocols</p>
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<h2>Terms and Topics</h2>
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<p><strong>Section 3 – Mobility Management </strong></p>
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<p>Mobility<br>Mobility management principles<br>Home network<br>Home agent<br>Foreign network or visited network<br>Foreign agent<br>Addressing in a mobile network<br>Mobile IP<br>Handover<br>Care-of-address (COA)<br>Permanent address<br>Foreign address<br>Routing to a mobile node<br>Indirect routing (to a mobile node)<br>Encapsulation and decapsulation in a mobile network<br>Mobile node to foreign agent protocol<br>Foreign agent to home agent registration protocol<br>Home agent datagram encapsulation protocol</p>
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<p>Different degree of Mobility<br>Visited Network<br>Roaming on visited networks<br>Direct routing to a mobile device<br>Indirect routing to a mobile device<br>Local breakout<br>Triangle routing problem<br>Mobility management on 4G/5G networks<br>Care-of-address (COA)<br>Foreign agent decapsulation protocol<br>Direct routing (to a mobile node)<br>Triangle routing problem<br>Correspondent agent<br>Mobile user location protocol<br>Wireless and mobility</p>
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<h2>Leading Questions</h2>
<ol>
<li>In order to accommodate mobile users, what considerations should be taken when designing the network layer?</li>
<li>From the standpoint of the network layers, what defines mobility of a network device?</li>
<li>How important is the mobile node’s address?</li>
<li>What supporting wired infrastructure is available for supporting wireless connections?</li>
<li>What is ad hoc networking?</li>
<li>What issues are involved in allowing a mobile user to maintain ongoing connections while moving between networks?</li>
<li>What do the terms <em>home network</em>, <em>home agent</em>, <em>foreign</em> (or <em>visited</em>) network, <em>foreign agent</em>, and <em>correspondent</em> mean?</li>
<li>Why should all traffic addressed to a mobile node’s permanent address be routed to the foreign network when the node is resident of a foreign network? How can this be done?</li>
<li>What roles does a foreign agent play?</li>
<li>What is a care-of-address?</li>
<li>What is a home address? What is a foreign address?</li>
<li>How does indirect routing work?</li>
<li>Suppose a mobile user is watching a streamed HD video on a smartphone connected to a visited 4G/5G network. What major steps are taken when the mobile user moves from one cell to another?</li>
<li>How does the mobile node-to-foreign agent protocol work?</li>
<li>What problem does the indirect routing approach suffer from?</li>
<li>How does the direct routing approach work?</li>
<li>What is a correspondent agent in the direct routing approach?</li>
<li>What is mobile IP? Which standard defines mobile IP?</li>
<li>What are the three main pieces of the mobile IP standard?</li>
<li>What is done in the process of agent discovery?</li>
<li>What is done in the process of agent advertisement?</li>
<li>What does agent solicitation do?</li>
<li>What is the format of an ICMP router discovery message with mobility agent advertisement?</li>
<li>According to the mobile IP standard, how does a mobile node register its care-of address (COA) with its home agent?</li>
<li>How do wireless stations move seamlessly from one BBS to another while maintaining ongoing TCP sessions?</li>
<li>What are the main features of 802.15 wireless networks?</li>
<li>How is Bluetooth network related to 802.15 wireless networks?</li>
<li>What do FHSS and PSTN stand for?</li>
<li>What are the main components of cellular network architecture?</li>
<li>What are some important standards and technologies for cellular networks?</li>
<li>How do TDM and FDM work?</li>
<li>What are the main features of GSM networks?</li>
<li>What are the main features of GPRS networks?</li>
<li>What is the triangle routing problem?</li>
<li>How do mobile user location protocols work?</li>
<li>How do handoffs happen in GSM networks?</li>
<li>How can calls be routed to a mobile user in mobile networks?</li>
</ol>
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