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<title>Section 1: Wireless Networking</title>
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<h2>Learning Objectives</h2>
<p>After successfully completing this section, you should be able to</p>
<ol>
<li>explain in technical terms what wireless networks are and how they work.</li>
<li>explain the IEEE standards that are the basis for today’s wireless networks.</li>
<li>describe the important characteristics of Wi-Fi networks.</li>
<li>explain the essential elements of wireless networks and the roles they play.</li>
</ol>
<h2>Learning Tasks</h2>
<p>Required:</p>
<ol>
<li>Watch the <a href="03_Documents07/comp347u7s1.pdf?isCourseFile=true" target="_self">slideshow</a> for this section.</li>
<li>Study the following sections of the textbook:</li>
</ol>
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<p>7.1 Introduction<br>7.2 Wireless Links and Network Characteristics<br>7.3 Wi-Fi: 802.11 Wireless LANs</p>
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<h2>Terms and Topics</h2>
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<p><strong>Section 1 – Wireless Networking </strong></p>
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<p>Wireless networks<br>Wireless hosts<br>Wireless communication links<br>Base station<br>Cell towers<br>Access points<br>Infrastructure mode (of wireless networks)<br>Ad hoc wireless networks<br>Handoff<br>Wireless network infrastructure<br>Wireless mesh networks<br>Mobile ad hoc network (MANETs)<br>Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs)<br>Characteristics of wireless networks<br>Differences between wired and wireless networks<br>Multipath propagation<br>Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)<br>Hidden terminal problem in wireless networks<br>Code division multiple access (CDMA)<br>Chipping rate (of CDMA scheme)<br>Wi-Fi<br>IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN<br>The IEEE 802.11 architecture<br>Base station<br>Access point<br>Infrastructure wireless LANs<br>Channels and association<br>Service set identifier (SSID)</p>
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<p>Clear to send (CTS)<br>Using 802.11 as a point-to-point link<br>IEEE 802.11 frame structure<br>Mobility in the same IP subnet<br>Advanced features of 802.11<br>Rate adaptation<br>Power management<br>Bluetooth and Zigbee as personal area networks<br>IEEE 802.15.1 for Bluetooth networks<br>Frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS)<br>Wi-Fi jungle<br>Beacon frames Passive (channel) scanning<br>Active (channel) scanning<br>CSMA with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA)<br>CSMA/CA – the 802.11 MAC protocol<br>Link-layer acknowledgement<br>Short inter-frame spacing (SIFS)<br>Distributed inter-frame space (DIFS)<br>Dealing with a hidden terminal with RTS and CTS<br>Request to send (RTS)Piconet<br>Master device in a Bluetooth network<br>Slave device in a Bluetooth network<br>Parked device in a Bluetooth network<br>WiMAX – another 4G wireless technology</p>
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<h2>Leading Questions</h2>
<ol>
<li>What electronic devices can be wireless hosts in wireless networks?</li>
<li>What is a wireless communication link?</li>
<li>What are the relationships between base stations and access points?</li>
<li>What are the differences between infrastructure mode wireless networks and ad hoc wireless networks?</li>
<li>What are the parts of a wireless network infrastructure?</li>
<li>Compare and contrast wired networks and wireless networks, emphasizing their differences.</li>
<li>How does multipath propagation occur?</li>
<li>What is the so-called hidden terminal problem?</li>
<li>What is the “chipping rate”?</li>
<li>How does CDMA work in wireless networks?</li>
<li>How does CDMA encode and decode data in wireless networks?</li>
<li>What IEEE standard is used for wireless networking?</li>
<li>What is a basic service set (BSS)?</li>
<li>What do SSID and Wi-Fi stand for?</li>
<li>What is a distribution system in wireless networking?</li>
<li>What is CSMA/CA?</li>
<li>What are DIFS and SIFS?</li>
<li>Why doesn’t the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol implement collision detection?</li>
<li>In an IEEE 802.11 wireless network, why can hidden terminals be problematic? How does the standard deal with the problem? What format does an IEEE 802.11 standard use for its frame?</li>
<li>In order to accommodate mobile users, what considerations should be taken when designing the network layer?</li>
<li>From the standpoint of network layers, how mobile is a user?</li>
<li>How important is the mobile node’s address?</li>
<li>What supporting wired infrastructure is available for supporting wireless connections?</li>
<li>What is ad hoc networking?</li>
<li>What issues are involved in allowing a mobile user to maintain ongoing connections while moving between networks?</li>
<li>What do the terms <em>home network</em>, <em>home agent</em>, <em>foreign</em> (or <em>visited</em>) <em>network</em>, <em>foreign agent</em>, and <em>correspondent</em> mean?</li>
<li>Why should all traffic addressed to a mobile node’s permanent address be routed to the foreign network when the node is a resident of a foreign network? How can this be done?</li>
<li>What roles does a foreign agent play?</li>
<li>What is a care-of-address?</li>
<li>What is a home address? What is a foreign address?</li>
<li>How does indirect routing work?</li>
<li>How does the mobile node to foreign agent protocol work?</li>
<li>What problem does the indirect routing approach suffer from?</li>
<li>How does the direct routing approach work?</li>
<li>What is a correspondent agent in the direct routing approach?</li>
<li>What is mobile IP? Which standard defines mobile IP?</li>
<li>What are the three main pieces of the mobile IP standard?</li>
<li>What is done in the process of agent discovery?</li>
<li>What is done in the process of agent advertisement?</li>
<li>What does agent solicitation do?</li>
<li>What is the format of an ICMP router discovery message with mobility agent advertisement?</li>
<li>According to the mobile IP standard, how does a mobile node register its care-of address (COA) with its home agent?</li>
<li>How do wireless stations move seamlessly from one BBS to another while maintaining ongoing TCP sessions?</li>
<li>What are the main features of 802.15 wireless networks?</li>
<li>How is a Bluetooth network related to 802.15 wireless networks?</li>
<li>What do FHSS and PSTN stand for?</li>
</ol>
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