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+ <title>Section 2: Network Application—HTTP and the World Wide Web</title>
+</head><body><div class="container-fluid">
+<div class="row">
+<div class="offset-sm-1 col-sm-10">
+<h2>Learning Objectives</h2>
+<p>After successfully completing this section, you should be able to</p>
+<ol>
+<li>explain Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).</li>
+<li>explain how HTTP is related to the World Wide Web, to Web servers, and to Web browsers.</li>
+<li>outline the communications between a Web server and a Web browser.</li>
+</ol>
+<h2>Learning Tasks</h2>
+<p>Required:</p>
+<ol>
+<li>Watch the <a href="03_Documents02/comp347u2s2.pdf?isCourseFile=true" target="_self">slideshow</a> for this section</li>
+<li>Study Section 2.2, The Web and HTTP, in the textbook.</li>
+</ol>
+<h2>Terms and Topics</h2>
+<div class="row">
+<div class="col-11">
+<p><strong>Section 2 – Network Application—HTTP and the World Wide Web </strong></p>
+</div>
+<div class="col-1"></div>
+</div>
+<div class="row">
+<div class="col-6">
+<p>Web page<br>Web object<br>Base HTML file<br>Web browsers<br>Web servers<br>Stateless protocol<br>Non-persistent connection<br>Persistent connection<br>Round-trip time (RTT)<br>HTTP/1.1<br>HTTP/2<br>HTTP message format<br>HTTP Request message<br>Request line<br>Header lines (of request message)</p>
+</div>
+<div class="col-6">
+<p>General format of HTTP request message<br>Entity body (HTTP request message)<br>HTTP response message<br>Status line<br>Header lines (of response message)<br>Entity body (HTTP response message)<br>General format of HTTP response message<br>Cookies for user-server interaction<br>Web caching and Web caches<br>Proxy server<br>Conditional GET</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h2>Leading Questions</h2>
+<ol>
+<li>What is HTTP? What does it define? What transport protocol does TCP use, and why?</li>
+<li>What is the relationship between HTTP and the World Wide Web?</li>
+<li>What is a Web page? Describe HTML and the function of an HTML file. How is an HTML file made?</li>
+<li>What are the differences between HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2?</li>
+<li>What is a URL? Provide examples.</li>
+<li>What is a Web browser? What are the most popular browsers used today?</li>
+<li>What is a Web server? What Web server software systems are the most popular?</li>
+<li>How does TCP avoid network congestion?</li>
+<li>What is slow start?</li>
+<li>Why is HTTP called a stateless protocol?</li>
+<li>What are non-persistent connections? What are persistent connections? What is the default connection for HTTP/1.1?</li>
+<li>How is round-trip time (RTT) defined?</li>
+<li>What are the shortcomings of non-persistent connections?</li>
+<li>What are the disadvantages of a persistent connection without pipelining?</li>
+<li>In what format are HTTP request messages sent from a user agent such as a Web browser?</li>
+<li>What are request lines?</li>
+<li>What are header lines?</li>
+<li>What methods can be used by HTTP to send objects?</li>
+<li>What are the differences between the Get and Post methods?</li>
+<li>In what format are HTTP response messages sent from an HTTP server?</li>
+<li>What is authentication? How can a user be authenticated on the Web?</li>
+<li>What are cookies and what are they used for?</li>
+<li>What is Web caching? Why is Web caching used? Where can a Web cache reside?</li>
+<li>What is the conditional GET? How does it work? What are the advantages?</li>
+<li>Why might cooperative caching be more useful?</li>
+</ol>
+</div>
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