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authormo khan <mo@mokhan.ca>2025-09-07 14:44:03 -0600
committermo khan <mo@mokhan.ca>2025-09-07 14:44:03 -0600
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tree94eba6d283aaebfd1ec1430183a54682ff12595c /content/Content/03_StudyGuideActivitiesAndAssessments/03_Unit07
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+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en"><head>
+ <!-- Required meta tags -->
+ <meta charset="utf-8">
+ <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
+
+ <!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/thirdpartylib/bootstrap-4.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css">
+ <!-- Font Awesome CSS -->
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/thirdpartylib/fontawesome-free-5.9.0-web/css/all.min.css">
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+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/css/custom.css">
+ <title>Post-Unit Tasks</title>
+</head><body><div class="container-fluid">
+<div class="row">
+<div class="offset-sm-1 col-sm-10">
+<ol>
+<li>Read the summary of Chapter 7 in the textbook.</li>
+<li>Answer the Review Questions at the end of Chapter 7 in the textbook.</li>
+<li>Work on the <a target="_blank" href="https://gaia.cs.umass.edu/kurose_ross/interactive/" rel="noopener">Interactive End-of-Chapter Exercises</a> for Chapter 7.</li>
+<li>Solve the following network problems at the end of Chapter 7: P1, P4–P10, P13, P15, and P16.</li>
+<li>Complete the Wireshark lab project described at the end of Chapter 7.</li>
+<li>Read the interview with Deborah Estrin at the end of Chapter 7 in the textbook.</li>
+<li>Complete and submit Assignment 3.</li>
+</ol>
+</div>
+<div class="col-12"><footer><!-- <p>© [Client] [Year]</p> --> <!-- <p><img src="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/_assets/img/logo.png" alt="logo"></p> --></footer></div>
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+ </script>
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+ </script>
+</p>
+<!-- Template JavaScript -->
+<p>
+<script src="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/js/scripts.min.js"></script>
+<script src="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/js/custom.js"></script>
+</p></body></html> \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/content/Content/03_StudyGuideActivitiesAndAssessments/03_Unit07/Section 1 Wireless Networking.html b/content/Content/03_StudyGuideActivitiesAndAssessments/03_Unit07/Section 1 Wireless Networking.html
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+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en"><head>
+ <!-- Required meta tags -->
+ <meta charset="utf-8">
+ <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
+
+ <!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/thirdpartylib/bootstrap-4.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css">
+ <!-- Font Awesome CSS -->
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/thirdpartylib/fontawesome-free-5.9.0-web/css/all.min.css">
+ <!-- Template CSS -->
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/css/styles.min.css">
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/css/custom.css">
+ <title>Section 1: Wireless Networking</title>
+</head><body><div class="container-fluid">
+<div class="row">
+<div class="offset-sm-1 col-sm-10">
+<h2>Learning Objectives</h2>
+<p>After successfully completing this section, you should be able to</p>
+<ol>
+<li>explain in technical terms what wireless networks are and how they work.</li>
+<li>explain the IEEE standards that are the basis for today’s wireless networks.</li>
+<li>describe the important characteristics of Wi-Fi networks.</li>
+<li>explain the essential elements of wireless networks and the roles they play.</li>
+</ol>
+<h2>Learning Tasks</h2>
+<p>Required:</p>
+<ol>
+<li>Watch the <a href="03_Documents07/comp347u7s1.pdf?isCourseFile=true" target="_self">slideshow</a> for this section.</li>
+<li>Study the following sections of the textbook:</li>
+</ol>
+<div class="padding-left-block">
+<div class="padding-left-block">
+<div class="padding-left-block">
+<p>7.1 Introduction<br>7.2 Wireless Links and Network Characteristics<br>7.3 Wi-Fi: 802.11 Wireless LANs</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h2>Terms and Topics</h2>
+<div class="row">
+<div class="col-11">
+<p><strong>Section 1 – Wireless Networking </strong></p>
+</div>
+<div class="col-1"></div>
+</div>
+<div class="row">
+<div class="col-6">
+<p>Wireless networks<br>Wireless hosts<br>Wireless communication links<br>Base station<br>Cell towers<br>Access points<br>Infrastructure mode (of wireless networks)<br>Ad hoc wireless networks<br>Handoff<br>Wireless network infrastructure<br>Wireless mesh networks<br>Mobile ad hoc network (MANETs)<br>Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs)<br>Characteristics of wireless networks<br>Differences between wired and wireless networks<br>Multipath propagation<br>Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)<br>Hidden terminal problem in wireless networks<br>Code division multiple access (CDMA)<br>Chipping rate (of CDMA scheme)<br>Wi-Fi<br>IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN<br>The IEEE 802.11 architecture<br>Base station<br>Access point<br>Infrastructure wireless LANs<br>Channels and association<br>Service set identifier (SSID)</p>
+</div>
+<div class="col-6">
+<p>Clear to send (CTS)<br>Using 802.11 as a point-to-point link<br>IEEE 802.11 frame structure<br>Mobility in the same IP subnet<br>Advanced features of 802.11<br>Rate adaptation<br>Power management<br>Bluetooth and Zigbee as personal area networks<br>IEEE 802.15.1 for Bluetooth networks<br>Frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS)<br>Wi-Fi jungle<br>Beacon frames Passive (channel) scanning<br>Active (channel) scanning<br>CSMA with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA)<br>CSMA/CA – the 802.11 MAC protocol<br>Link-layer acknowledgement<br>Short inter-frame spacing (SIFS)<br>Distributed inter-frame space (DIFS)<br>Dealing with a hidden terminal with RTS and CTS<br>Request to send (RTS)Piconet<br>Master device in a Bluetooth network<br>Slave device in a Bluetooth network<br>Parked device in a Bluetooth network<br>WiMAX – another 4G wireless technology</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h2>Leading Questions</h2>
+<ol>
+<li>What electronic devices can be wireless hosts in wireless networks?</li>
+<li>What is a wireless communication link?</li>
+<li>What are the relationships between base stations and access points?</li>
+<li>What are the differences between infrastructure mode wireless networks and ad hoc wireless networks?</li>
+<li>What are the parts of a wireless network infrastructure?</li>
+<li>Compare and contrast wired networks and wireless networks, emphasizing their differences.</li>
+<li>How does multipath propagation occur?</li>
+<li>What is the so-called hidden terminal problem?</li>
+<li>What is the “chipping rate”?</li>
+<li>How does CDMA work in wireless networks?</li>
+<li>How does CDMA encode and decode data in wireless networks?</li>
+<li>What IEEE standard is used for wireless networking?</li>
+<li>What is a basic service set (BSS)?</li>
+<li>What do SSID and Wi-Fi stand for?</li>
+<li>What is a distribution system in wireless networking?</li>
+<li>What is CSMA/CA?</li>
+<li>What are DIFS and SIFS?</li>
+<li>Why doesn’t the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol implement collision detection?</li>
+<li>In an IEEE 802.11 wireless network, why can hidden terminals be problematic? How does the standard deal with the problem? What format does an IEEE 802.11 standard use for its frame?</li>
+<li>In order to accommodate mobile users, what considerations should be taken when designing the network layer?</li>
+<li>From the standpoint of network layers, how mobile is a user?</li>
+<li>How important is the mobile node’s address?</li>
+<li>What supporting wired infrastructure is available for supporting wireless connections?</li>
+<li>What is ad hoc networking?</li>
+<li>What issues are involved in allowing a mobile user to maintain ongoing connections while moving between networks?</li>
+<li>What do the terms <em>home network</em>, <em>home agent</em>, <em>foreign</em> (or <em>visited</em>) <em>network</em>, <em>foreign agent</em>, and <em>correspondent</em> mean?</li>
+<li>Why should all traffic addressed to a mobile node’s permanent address be routed to the foreign network when the node is a resident of a foreign network? How can this be done?</li>
+<li>What roles does a foreign agent play?</li>
+<li>What is a care-of-address?</li>
+<li>What is a home address? What is a foreign address?</li>
+<li>How does indirect routing work?</li>
+<li>How does the mobile node to foreign agent protocol work?</li>
+<li>What problem does the indirect routing approach suffer from?</li>
+<li>How does the direct routing approach work?</li>
+<li>What is a correspondent agent in the direct routing approach?</li>
+<li>What is mobile IP? Which standard defines mobile IP?</li>
+<li>What are the three main pieces of the mobile IP standard?</li>
+<li>What is done in the process of agent discovery?</li>
+<li>What is done in the process of agent advertisement?</li>
+<li>What does agent solicitation do?</li>
+<li>What is the format of an ICMP router discovery message with mobility agent advertisement?</li>
+<li>According to the mobile IP standard, how does a mobile node register its care-of address (COA) with its home agent?</li>
+<li>How do wireless stations move seamlessly from one BBS to another while maintaining ongoing TCP sessions?</li>
+<li>What are the main features of 802.15 wireless networks?</li>
+<li>How is a Bluetooth network related to 802.15 wireless networks?</li>
+<li>What do FHSS and PSTN stand for?</li>
+</ol>
+</div>
+<div class="col-12"><footer><!-- <p>© [Client] [Year]</p> --> <!-- <p><img src="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/_assets/img/logo.png" alt="logo"></p> --></footer></div>
+</div>
+</div>
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+<script src="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/thirdpartylib/jquery/jquery-3.4.1.min.js">
+ </script>
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+ </script>
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+<!-- Template JavaScript -->
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+<script src="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/js/scripts.min.js"></script>
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+</p></body></html> \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/content/Content/03_StudyGuideActivitiesAndAssessments/03_Unit07/Section 2 Cellular Networks 4G and 5G.html b/content/Content/03_StudyGuideActivitiesAndAssessments/03_Unit07/Section 2 Cellular Networks 4G and 5G.html
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+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en"><head>
+ <!-- Required meta tags -->
+ <meta charset="utf-8">
+ <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
+
+ <!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/thirdpartylib/bootstrap-4.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css">
+ <!-- Font Awesome CSS -->
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/thirdpartylib/fontawesome-free-5.9.0-web/css/all.min.css">
+ <!-- Template CSS -->
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/css/styles.min.css">
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/css/custom.css">
+ <title>Section 2: Cellular Networks: 4G and 5G</title>
+</head><body><div class="container-fluid">
+<div class="row">
+<div class="offset-sm-1 col-sm-10">
+<h2>Learning Objectives</h2>
+<p>After successfully completing this section, you should be able to</p>
+<ol>
+<li>Explain in technical terms what cellular networks are, how they work.</li>
+<li>Tell about the history of mobile cellular networks.</li>
+<li>Explain the differences between 4G LTE cellular networks and 5G cellular networks.</li>
+<li>explain the relationships and differences between mobile cellular networks and wireless networks.</li>
+<li>explain how mobile computer networks work.</li>
+<li>describe the characteristics of 4G LTE mobile cellular networks</li>
+<li>describe the architecture, elements of 4G LTE cellular networks, as well as the protocols used.</li>
+<li>describe the characteristics of 5G mobile cellular networks</li>
+<li>describe the architecture, elements of 5G cellular networks, as well as the protocols used.</li>
+<li>explain the underlying concepts, issues, and technologies of mobile computer networks.</li>
+</ol>
+<h2>Learning Tasks</h2>
+<p>Required:</p>
+<ol>
+<li>Watch the <a href="03_Documents07/comp347u7s2.pdf?isCourseFile=true" target="_self">slideshow</a> for this section</li>
+<li>Study Section 7.4, Cellular Networks: 4G and 5G, in the textbook</li>
+</ol>
+<h2>Terms and Topics</h2>
+<div class="row">
+<div class="col-11">
+<p><strong>Section 2 – Cellular Networks: 4G and 5G </strong></p>
+</div>
+<div class="col-1"></div>
+</div>
+<div class="row">
+<div class="col-6">
+<p>Cellular<br>Cells<br>Mobile devices<br>User Equipment (UE)<br>International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI)<br>Base station<br>eNode-B<br>Home Subscriber Server (HSS)<br>Serving gateway (S-GW)<br>Packet Data Network Gateway (P-GW)<br>Mobility Management Entity (MME)<br>Internet access through cellular network<br>Cellular network architecture<br>Global system for mobile communication (GSM)<br>FDMA as 1G cellular system<br>2G, 2.5G, and 3G cellular networks<br>Cells<br>Base transceiver station (BTS)<br>Base station controller (BSC)<br>Paging<br>Base station system (BSS)<br>Mobile switching center (MSC)</p>
+</div>
+<div class="col-6">
+<p>3G cellular data networks<br>3G core cellular data network<br>Generalized packet radio service (GPRS)<br>Serving GPRS support nodes (SGSNs)<br>Gateway GPRS support nodes (GGSNs)<br>3G radio access network<br>Radio network controller (RNC)<br>4G long-term evolution (LTE) standard<br>Evolved packet core (EPC)<br>LTE radio access network<br>4G Core network<br>4G Core network functions<br>Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)<br>Tunnel endpoint identifier (TEID)<br>Network attachment<br>The global cellular network<br>5G cellular networks<br>5G NR<br>5G core network<br>5G Core network functions</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h2>Leading Questions</h2>
+<ol>
+<li>How do TDM and FDM work?</li>
+<li>What are the main features of GSM networks?</li>
+<li>What are the main features of GPRS networks?</li>
+<li>What is the triangle routing problem?</li>
+<li>How do mobile user location protocols work?</li>
+<li>How do handoffs happen in GSM networks?</li>
+<li>How can calls be routed to a mobile user in mobile networks?</li>
+<li>What are the main components of cellular network architecture?</li>
+<li>What are some important standards and technologies for cellular networks?</li>
+<li>What role or roles does a Radio Network Controller (RNC) play on a 3G cellular network?</li>
+<li>What are the differences between 3G cellular network and 4G LTE cellular network?</li>
+<li>What are the three sublayers of the mobile device’s link layer on a 4G LTE cellular network? What role does each sublayer play?</li>
+<li>What is the 4G Core network?</li>
+<li>What does the 4G Core network do?</li>
+<li>On an LTE cellular network, what is network attachment?</li>
+<li>On an LTE cellular network, what does power management do?</li>
+<li>What are sleep modes of wireless devices on an LTE cellular network?</li>
+<li>What is the global cellular network? How does it work?</li>
+<li>What defines the ultimate wide-area data service?</li>
+<li>What services are 5G cellular networks expected to provide?</li>
+<li>What are the two major drawbacks of FR2 frequencies (millimeter wave frequencies) used some 5G networks?</li>
+<li>What are the priorities for the design of 5G networks?</li>
+<li>Why are small cell stations needed for 5G networks using FR2 frequencies?</li>
+<li>What is the 5G Core network?</li>
+<li>What does the 5G Core network do?</li>
+<li>What are the main functions of the 5G Core network? Compared to 4G Core network, what are new in 5G Core network?</li>
+<li>What are differences and similarities between 4G Core network and 5G Core network?</li>
+</ol>
+</div>
+<div class="col-12"><footer><!-- <p>© [Client] [Year]</p> --> <!-- <p><img src="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/_assets/img/logo.png" alt="logo"></p> --></footer></div>
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diff --git a/content/Content/03_StudyGuideActivitiesAndAssessments/03_Unit07/Section 3 Mobility Management.html b/content/Content/03_StudyGuideActivitiesAndAssessments/03_Unit07/Section 3 Mobility Management.html
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+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en"><head>
+ <!-- Required meta tags -->
+ <meta charset="utf-8">
+ <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
+
+ <!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/thirdpartylib/bootstrap-4.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css">
+ <!-- Font Awesome CSS -->
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/thirdpartylib/fontawesome-free-5.9.0-web/css/all.min.css">
+ <!-- Template CSS -->
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/css/styles.min.css">
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/shared/LCS_HTML_Templates/Athabasca_Template_2021/Template_Files/sample_pages/../../_assets/css/custom.css">
+ <title>Section 3: Mobility Management</title>
+</head><body><div class="container-fluid">
+<div class="row">
+<div class="offset-sm-1 col-sm-10">
+<h2>Learning Objectives</h2>
+<p>After successfully completing this section, you should be able to</p>
+<ol>
+<li>explain deferent degrees of mobility.</li>
+<li>explain the challenges mobile devices caused to the network layer.</li>
+<li>explain how roaming occurs on visited networks.</li>
+<li>describe the characteristics of mobile computer networks.</li>
+<li>explain the underlying concepts, issues, and technologies of mobile computer networks.</li>
+</ol>
+<h2>Learning Tasks</h2>
+<p>Required:</p>
+<ol>
+<li>Watch the <a href="03_Documents07/comp347u7s3.pdf?isCourseFile=true" target="_self">slideshow</a> for this section</li>
+<li>Study the following sections of the textbook:</li>
+</ol>
+<div class="padding-left-block">
+<div class="padding-left-block">
+<div class="padding-left-block">
+<p>7.5 Mobility Management: Principles<br>7.6 Mobility Management in Practice<br>7.7 Wireless and Mobility: Impact on Higher-Layer Protocols</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h2>Terms and Topics</h2>
+<div class="row">
+<div class="col-11">
+<p><strong>Section 3 – Mobility Management </strong></p>
+</div>
+<div class="col-1"></div>
+</div>
+<div class="row">
+<div class="col-6">
+<p>Mobility<br>Mobility management principles<br>Home network<br>Home agent<br>Foreign network or visited network<br>Foreign agent<br>Addressing in a mobile network<br>Mobile IP<br>Handover<br>Care-of-address (COA)<br>Permanent address<br>Foreign address<br>Routing to a mobile node<br>Indirect routing (to a mobile node)<br>Encapsulation and decapsulation in a mobile network<br>Mobile node to foreign agent protocol<br>Foreign agent to home agent registration protocol<br>Home agent datagram encapsulation protocol</p>
+</div>
+<div class="col-6">
+<p>Different degree of Mobility<br>Visited Network<br>Roaming on visited networks<br>Direct routing to a mobile device<br>Indirect routing to a mobile device<br>Local breakout<br>Triangle routing problem<br>Mobility management on 4G/5G networks<br>Care-of-address (COA)<br>Foreign agent decapsulation protocol<br>Direct routing (to a mobile node)<br>Triangle routing problem<br>Correspondent agent<br>Mobile user location protocol<br>Wireless and mobility</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h2>Leading Questions</h2>
+<ol>
+<li>In order to accommodate mobile users, what considerations should be taken when designing the network layer?</li>
+<li>From the standpoint of the network layers, what defines mobility of a network device?</li>
+<li>How important is the mobile node’s address?</li>
+<li>What supporting wired infrastructure is available for supporting wireless connections?</li>
+<li>What is ad hoc networking?</li>
+<li>What issues are involved in allowing a mobile user to maintain ongoing connections while moving between networks?</li>
+<li>What do the terms <em>home network</em>, <em>home agent</em>, <em>foreign</em> (or <em>visited</em>) network, <em>foreign agent</em>, and <em>correspondent</em> mean?</li>
+<li>Why should all traffic addressed to a mobile node’s permanent address be routed to the foreign network when the node is resident of a foreign network? How can this be done?</li>
+<li>What roles does a foreign agent play?</li>
+<li>What is a care-of-address?</li>
+<li>What is a home address? What is a foreign address?</li>
+<li>How does indirect routing work?</li>
+<li>Suppose a mobile user is watching a streamed HD video on a smartphone connected to a visited 4G/5G network. What major steps are taken when the mobile user moves from one cell to another?</li>
+<li>How does the mobile node-to-foreign agent protocol work?</li>
+<li>What problem does the indirect routing approach suffer from?</li>
+<li>How does the direct routing approach work?</li>
+<li>What is a correspondent agent in the direct routing approach?</li>
+<li>What is mobile IP? Which standard defines mobile IP?</li>
+<li>What are the three main pieces of the mobile IP standard?</li>
+<li>What is done in the process of agent discovery?</li>
+<li>What is done in the process of agent advertisement?</li>
+<li>What does agent solicitation do?</li>
+<li>What is the format of an ICMP router discovery message with mobility agent advertisement?</li>
+<li>According to the mobile IP standard, how does a mobile node register its care-of address (COA) with its home agent?</li>
+<li>How do wireless stations move seamlessly from one BBS to another while maintaining ongoing TCP sessions?</li>
+<li>What are the main features of 802.15 wireless networks?</li>
+<li>How is Bluetooth network related to 802.15 wireless networks?</li>
+<li>What do FHSS and PSTN stand for?</li>
+<li>What are the main components of cellular network architecture?</li>
+<li>What are some important standards and technologies for cellular networks?</li>
+<li>How do TDM and FDM work?</li>
+<li>What are the main features of GSM networks?</li>
+<li>What are the main features of GPRS networks?</li>
+<li>What is the triangle routing problem?</li>
+<li>How do mobile user location protocols work?</li>
+<li>How do handoffs happen in GSM networks?</li>
+<li>How can calls be routed to a mobile user in mobile networks?</li>
+</ol>
+</div>
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+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en"><head>
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+
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+ <title>Unit Overview</title>
+</head><body><div class="container-fluid">
+<div class="row">
+<div class="offset-sm-1 col-sm-10">
+<h2>Unit Overview</h2>
+<p>This unit discusses how computers are connected through wireless networks, and how mobility of access stations can be achieved in various ways to meet users’ needs.</p>
+<p>Today, wireless and mobile networks have become important components of computer networks. Understanding their underlying protocols and technologies is essential for anyone who wants a good comprehension of networking technologies. In this unit, you will learn what constitutes wireless and mobile networks, how they work, and the details of their underlying technologies.</p>
+</div>
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