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-// This file is part of ICU4X. For terms of use, please see the file
-// called LICENSE at the top level of the ICU4X source tree
-// (online at: https://github.com/unicode-org/icu4x/blob/main/LICENSE ).
-
-// https://github.com/unicode-org/icu4x/blob/main/documents/process/boilerplate.md#library-annotations
-#![cfg_attr(not(any(test, doc)), no_std)]
-#![cfg_attr(
- not(test),
- deny(
- clippy::indexing_slicing,
- clippy::unwrap_used,
- clippy::expect_used,
- clippy::panic,
- clippy::exhaustive_structs,
- clippy::exhaustive_enums,
- clippy::trivially_copy_pass_by_ref,
- missing_debug_implementations,
- )
-)]
-
-//! `writeable` is a utility crate of the [`ICU4X`] project.
-//!
-//! It includes [`Writeable`], a core trait representing an object that can be written to a
-//! sink implementing `std::fmt::Write`. It is an alternative to `std::fmt::Display` with the
-//! addition of a function indicating the number of bytes to be written.
-//!
-//! `Writeable` improves upon `std::fmt::Display` in two ways:
-//!
-//! 1. More efficient, since the sink can pre-allocate bytes.
-//! 2. Smaller code, since the format machinery can be short-circuited.
-//!
-//! # Examples
-//!
-//! ```
-//! use std::fmt;
-//! use writeable::assert_writeable_eq;
-//! use writeable::LengthHint;
-//! use writeable::Writeable;
-//!
-//! struct WelcomeMessage<'s> {
-//! pub name: &'s str,
-//! }
-//!
-//! impl<'s> Writeable for WelcomeMessage<'s> {
-//! fn write_to<W: fmt::Write + ?Sized>(&self, sink: &mut W) -> fmt::Result {
-//! sink.write_str("Hello, ")?;
-//! sink.write_str(self.name)?;
-//! sink.write_char('!')?;
-//! Ok(())
-//! }
-//!
-//! fn writeable_length_hint(&self) -> LengthHint {
-//! // "Hello, " + '!' + length of name
-//! LengthHint::exact(8 + self.name.len())
-//! }
-//! }
-//!
-//! let message = WelcomeMessage { name: "Alice" };
-//! assert_writeable_eq!(&message, "Hello, Alice!");
-//!
-//! // Types implementing `Writeable` are recommended to also implement `fmt::Display`.
-//! // This can be simply done by redirecting to the `Writeable` implementation:
-//! writeable::impl_display_with_writeable!(WelcomeMessage<'_>);
-//! assert_eq!(message.to_string(), "Hello, Alice!");
-//! ```
-//!
-//! [`ICU4X`]: ../icu/index.html
-
-extern crate alloc;
-
-mod cmp;
-#[cfg(feature = "either")]
-mod either;
-mod impls;
-mod ops;
-mod parts_write_adapter;
-mod testing;
-mod to_string_or_borrow;
-mod try_writeable;
-
-use alloc::borrow::Cow;
-use alloc::string::String;
-use core::fmt;
-
-pub use cmp::{cmp_str, cmp_utf8};
-pub use to_string_or_borrow::to_string_or_borrow;
-pub use try_writeable::TryWriteable;
-
-/// Helper types for trait impls.
-pub mod adapters {
- use super::*;
-
- pub use parts_write_adapter::CoreWriteAsPartsWrite;
- pub use parts_write_adapter::WithPart;
- pub use try_writeable::TryWriteableInfallibleAsWriteable;
- pub use try_writeable::WriteableAsTryWriteableInfallible;
-
- #[derive(Debug)]
- #[allow(clippy::exhaustive_structs)] // newtype
- pub struct LossyWrap<T>(pub T);
-
- impl<T: TryWriteable> Writeable for LossyWrap<T> {
- fn write_to<W: fmt::Write + ?Sized>(&self, sink: &mut W) -> fmt::Result {
- let _ = self.0.try_write_to(sink)?;
- Ok(())
- }
-
- fn writeable_length_hint(&self) -> LengthHint {
- self.0.writeable_length_hint()
- }
- }
-
- impl<T: TryWriteable> fmt::Display for LossyWrap<T> {
- fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
- let _ = self.0.try_write_to(f)?;
- Ok(())
- }
- }
-}
-
-#[doc(hidden)] // for testing and macros
-pub mod _internal {
- pub use super::testing::try_writeable_to_parts_for_test;
- pub use super::testing::writeable_to_parts_for_test;
- pub use alloc::string::String;
-}
-
-/// A hint to help consumers of `Writeable` pre-allocate bytes before they call
-/// [`write_to`](Writeable::write_to).
-///
-/// This behaves like `Iterator::size_hint`: it is a tuple where the first element is the
-/// lower bound, and the second element is the upper bound. If the upper bound is `None`
-/// either there is no known upper bound, or the upper bound is larger than `usize`.
-///
-/// `LengthHint` implements std`::ops::{Add, Mul}` and similar traits for easy composition.
-/// During computation, the lower bound will saturate at `usize::MAX`, while the upper
-/// bound will become `None` if `usize::MAX` is exceeded.
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Copy, Clone)]
-#[non_exhaustive]
-pub struct LengthHint(pub usize, pub Option<usize>);
-
-impl LengthHint {
- pub fn undefined() -> Self {
- Self(0, None)
- }
-
- /// `write_to` will use exactly n bytes.
- pub fn exact(n: usize) -> Self {
- Self(n, Some(n))
- }
-
- /// `write_to` will use at least n bytes.
- pub fn at_least(n: usize) -> Self {
- Self(n, None)
- }
-
- /// `write_to` will use at most n bytes.
- pub fn at_most(n: usize) -> Self {
- Self(0, Some(n))
- }
-
- /// `write_to` will use between `n` and `m` bytes.
- pub fn between(n: usize, m: usize) -> Self {
- Self(Ord::min(n, m), Some(Ord::max(n, m)))
- }
-
- /// Returns a recommendation for the number of bytes to pre-allocate.
- /// If an upper bound exists, this is used, otherwise the lower bound
- /// (which might be 0).
- ///
- /// # Examples
- ///
- /// ```
- /// use writeable::Writeable;
- ///
- /// fn pre_allocate_string(w: &impl Writeable) -> String {
- /// String::with_capacity(w.writeable_length_hint().capacity())
- /// }
- /// ```
- pub fn capacity(&self) -> usize {
- self.1.unwrap_or(self.0)
- }
-
- /// Returns whether the `LengthHint` indicates that the string is exactly 0 bytes long.
- pub fn is_zero(&self) -> bool {
- self.1 == Some(0)
- }
-}
-
-/// [`Part`]s are used as annotations for formatted strings.
-///
-/// For example, a string like `Alice, Bob` could assign a `NAME` part to the
-/// substrings `Alice` and `Bob`, and a `PUNCTUATION` part to `, `. This allows
-/// for example to apply styling only to names.
-///
-/// `Part` contains two fields, whose usage is left up to the producer of the [`Writeable`].
-/// Conventionally, the `category` field will identify the formatting logic that produces
-/// the string/parts, whereas the `value` field will have semantic meaning. `NAME` and
-/// `PUNCTUATION` could thus be defined as
-/// ```
-/// # use writeable::Part;
-/// const NAME: Part = Part {
-/// category: "userlist",
-/// value: "name",
-/// };
-/// const PUNCTUATION: Part = Part {
-/// category: "userlist",
-/// value: "punctuation",
-/// };
-/// ```
-///
-/// That said, consumers should not usually have to inspect `Part` internals. Instead,
-/// formatters should expose the `Part`s they produces as constants.
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq)]
-#[allow(clippy::exhaustive_structs)] // stable
-pub struct Part {
- pub category: &'static str,
- pub value: &'static str,
-}
-
-impl Part {
- /// A part that should annotate error segments in [`TryWriteable`] output.
- ///
- /// For an example, see [`TryWriteable`].
- pub const ERROR: Part = Part {
- category: "writeable",
- value: "error",
- };
-}
-
-/// A sink that supports annotating parts of the string with [`Part`]s.
-pub trait PartsWrite: fmt::Write {
- type SubPartsWrite: PartsWrite + ?Sized;
-
- /// Annotates all strings written by the closure with the given [`Part`].
- fn with_part(
- &mut self,
- part: Part,
- f: impl FnMut(&mut Self::SubPartsWrite) -> fmt::Result,
- ) -> fmt::Result;
-}
-
-/// `Writeable` is an alternative to `std::fmt::Display` with the addition of a length function.
-pub trait Writeable {
- /// Writes a string to the given sink. Errors from the sink are bubbled up.
- /// The default implementation delegates to `write_to_parts`, and discards any
- /// `Part` annotations.
- fn write_to<W: fmt::Write + ?Sized>(&self, sink: &mut W) -> fmt::Result {
- self.write_to_parts(&mut parts_write_adapter::CoreWriteAsPartsWrite(sink))
- }
-
- /// Write bytes and `Part` annotations to the given sink. Errors from the
- /// sink are bubbled up. The default implementation delegates to `write_to`,
- /// and doesn't produce any `Part` annotations.
- fn write_to_parts<S: PartsWrite + ?Sized>(&self, sink: &mut S) -> fmt::Result {
- self.write_to(sink)
- }
-
- /// Returns a hint for the number of UTF-8 bytes that will be written to the sink.
- ///
- /// Override this method if it can be computed quickly.
- fn writeable_length_hint(&self) -> LengthHint {
- LengthHint::undefined()
- }
-
- /// Creates a new `String` with the data from this `Writeable`. Like `ToString`,
- /// but smaller and faster.
- ///
- /// The default impl allocates an owned `String`. However, if it is possible to return a
- /// borrowed string, overwrite this method to return a `Cow::Borrowed`.
- ///
- /// To remove the `Cow` wrapper, call `.into_owned()` or `.as_str()` as appropriate.
- ///
- /// # Examples
- ///
- /// Inspect a `Writeable` before writing it to the sink:
- ///
- /// ```
- /// use core::fmt::{Result, Write};
- /// use writeable::Writeable;
- ///
- /// fn write_if_ascii<W, S>(w: &W, sink: &mut S) -> Result
- /// where
- /// W: Writeable + ?Sized,
- /// S: Write + ?Sized,
- /// {
- /// let s = w.write_to_string();
- /// if s.is_ascii() {
- /// sink.write_str(&s)
- /// } else {
- /// Ok(())
- /// }
- /// }
- /// ```
- ///
- /// Convert the `Writeable` into a fully owned `String`:
- ///
- /// ```
- /// use writeable::Writeable;
- ///
- /// fn make_string(w: &impl Writeable) -> String {
- /// w.write_to_string().into_owned()
- /// }
- /// ```
- fn write_to_string(&self) -> Cow<str> {
- let hint = self.writeable_length_hint();
- if hint.is_zero() {
- return Cow::Borrowed("");
- }
- let mut output = String::with_capacity(hint.capacity());
- let _ = self.write_to(&mut output);
- Cow::Owned(output)
- }
-}
-
-/// Implements [`Display`](core::fmt::Display) for types that implement [`Writeable`].
-///
-/// It's recommended to do this for every [`Writeable`] type, as it will add
-/// support for `core::fmt` features like [`fmt!`](std::fmt),
-/// [`print!`](std::print), [`write!`](std::write), etc.
-///
-/// This macro also adds a concrete `to_string` function. This function will shadow the
-/// standard library `ToString`, using the more efficient writeable-based code path.
-/// To add only `Display`, use the `@display` macro variant.
-#[macro_export]
-macro_rules! impl_display_with_writeable {
- (@display, $type:ty) => {
- /// This trait is implemented for compatibility with [`fmt!`](alloc::fmt).
- /// To create a string, [`Writeable::write_to_string`] is usually more efficient.
- impl core::fmt::Display for $type {
- #[inline]
- fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result {
- $crate::Writeable::write_to(&self, f)
- }
- }
- };
- ($type:ty) => {
- $crate::impl_display_with_writeable!(@display, $type);
- impl $type {
- /// Converts the given value to a `String`.
- ///
- /// Under the hood, this uses an efficient [`Writeable`] implementation.
- /// However, in order to avoid allocating a string, it is more efficient
- /// to use [`Writeable`] directly.
- pub fn to_string(&self) -> $crate::_internal::String {
- $crate::Writeable::write_to_string(self).into_owned()
- }
- }
- };
-}
-
-/// Testing macros for types implementing [`Writeable`].
-///
-/// Arguments, in order:
-///
-/// 1. The [`Writeable`] under test
-/// 2. The expected string value
-/// 3. [`*_parts_eq`] only: a list of parts (`[(start, end, Part)]`)
-///
-/// Any remaining arguments get passed to `format!`
-///
-/// The macros tests the following:
-///
-/// - Equality of string content
-/// - Equality of parts ([`*_parts_eq`] only)
-/// - Validity of size hint
-///
-/// # Examples
-///
-/// ```
-/// # use writeable::Writeable;
-/// # use writeable::LengthHint;
-/// # use writeable::Part;
-/// # use writeable::assert_writeable_eq;
-/// # use writeable::assert_writeable_parts_eq;
-/// # use std::fmt::{self, Write};
-///
-/// const WORD: Part = Part {
-/// category: "foo",
-/// value: "word",
-/// };
-///
-/// struct Demo;
-/// impl Writeable for Demo {
-/// fn write_to_parts<S: writeable::PartsWrite + ?Sized>(
-/// &self,
-/// sink: &mut S,
-/// ) -> fmt::Result {
-/// sink.with_part(WORD, |w| w.write_str("foo"))
-/// }
-/// fn writeable_length_hint(&self) -> LengthHint {
-/// LengthHint::exact(3)
-/// }
-/// }
-///
-/// writeable::impl_display_with_writeable!(Demo);
-///
-/// assert_writeable_eq!(&Demo, "foo");
-/// assert_writeable_eq!(&Demo, "foo", "Message: {}", "Hello World");
-///
-/// assert_writeable_parts_eq!(&Demo, "foo", [(0, 3, WORD)]);
-/// assert_writeable_parts_eq!(
-/// &Demo,
-/// "foo",
-/// [(0, 3, WORD)],
-/// "Message: {}",
-/// "Hello World"
-/// );
-/// ```
-///
-/// [`*_parts_eq`]: assert_writeable_parts_eq
-#[macro_export]
-macro_rules! assert_writeable_eq {
- ($actual_writeable:expr, $expected_str:expr $(,)?) => {
- $crate::assert_writeable_eq!($actual_writeable, $expected_str, "")
- };
- ($actual_writeable:expr, $expected_str:expr, $($arg:tt)+) => {{
- $crate::assert_writeable_eq!(@internal, $actual_writeable, $expected_str, $($arg)*);
- }};
- (@internal, $actual_writeable:expr, $expected_str:expr, $($arg:tt)+) => {{
- let actual_writeable = &$actual_writeable;
- let (actual_str, actual_parts) = $crate::_internal::writeable_to_parts_for_test(actual_writeable);
- let actual_len = actual_str.len();
- assert_eq!(actual_str, $expected_str, $($arg)*);
- assert_eq!(actual_str, $crate::Writeable::write_to_string(actual_writeable), $($arg)+);
- let length_hint = $crate::Writeable::writeable_length_hint(actual_writeable);
- let lower = length_hint.0;
- assert!(
- lower <= actual_len,
- "hint lower bound {lower} larger than actual length {actual_len}: {}",
- format!($($arg)*),
- );
- if let Some(upper) = length_hint.1 {
- assert!(
- actual_len <= upper,
- "hint upper bound {upper} smaller than actual length {actual_len}: {}",
- format!($($arg)*),
- );
- }
- assert_eq!(actual_writeable.to_string(), $expected_str);
- actual_parts // return for assert_writeable_parts_eq
- }};
-}
-
-/// See [`assert_writeable_eq`].
-#[macro_export]
-macro_rules! assert_writeable_parts_eq {
- ($actual_writeable:expr, $expected_str:expr, $expected_parts:expr $(,)?) => {
- $crate::assert_writeable_parts_eq!($actual_writeable, $expected_str, $expected_parts, "")
- };
- ($actual_writeable:expr, $expected_str:expr, $expected_parts:expr, $($arg:tt)+) => {{
- let actual_parts = $crate::assert_writeable_eq!(@internal, $actual_writeable, $expected_str, $($arg)*);
- assert_eq!(actual_parts, $expected_parts, $($arg)+);
- }};
-}