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+// Copyright 2014 The Servo Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use crate::dynamic_set::{dynamic_set, Entry};
+use crate::static_sets::StaticAtomSet;
+use debug_unreachable::debug_unreachable;
+
+use std::borrow::Cow;
+use std::cmp::Ordering::{self, Equal};
+use std::fmt;
+use std::hash::{Hash, Hasher};
+use std::marker::PhantomData;
+use std::mem;
+use std::num::NonZeroU64;
+use std::ops;
+use std::slice;
+use std::str;
+use std::sync::atomic::Ordering::SeqCst;
+
+const DYNAMIC_TAG: u8 = 0b_00;
+const INLINE_TAG: u8 = 0b_01; // len in upper nybble
+const STATIC_TAG: u8 = 0b_10;
+const TAG_MASK: u64 = 0b_11;
+const LEN_OFFSET: u64 = 4;
+const LEN_MASK: u64 = 0xF0;
+
+const MAX_INLINE_LEN: usize = 7;
+const STATIC_SHIFT_BITS: usize = 32;
+
+/// Represents a string that has been interned.
+///
+/// While the type definition for `Atom` indicates that it generic on a particular
+/// implementation of an atom set, you don't need to worry about this. Atoms can be static
+/// and come from a `StaticAtomSet` generated by the `string_cache_codegen` crate, or they
+/// can be dynamic and created by you on an `EmptyStaticAtomSet`.
+///
+/// `Atom` implements `Clone` but not `Copy`, since internally atoms are reference-counted;
+/// this means that you may need to `.clone()` an atom to keep copies to it in different
+/// places, or when passing it to a function that takes an `Atom` rather than an `&Atom`.
+///
+/// ## Creating an atom at runtime
+///
+/// If you use `string_cache_codegen` to generate a precomputed list of atoms, your code
+/// may then do something like read data from somewhere and extract tokens that need to be
+/// compared to the atoms. In this case, you can use `Atom::from(&str)` or
+/// `Atom::from(String)`. These create a reference-counted atom which will be
+/// automatically freed when all references to it are dropped.
+///
+/// This means that your application can safely have a loop which tokenizes data, creates
+/// atoms from the tokens, and compares the atoms to a predefined set of keywords, without
+/// running the risk of arbitrary memory consumption from creating large numbers of atoms —
+/// as long as your application does not store clones of the atoms it creates along the
+/// way.
+///
+/// For example, the following is safe and will not consume arbitrary amounts of memory:
+///
+/// ```ignore
+/// let untrusted_data = "large amounts of text ...";
+///
+/// for token in untrusted_data.split_whitespace() {
+/// let atom = Atom::from(token); // interns the string
+///
+/// if atom == Atom::from("keyword") {
+/// // handle that keyword
+/// } else if atom == Atom::from("another_keyword") {
+/// // handle that keyword
+/// } else {
+/// println!("unknown keyword");
+/// }
+/// } // atom is dropped here, so it is not kept around in memory
+/// ```
+#[derive(PartialEq, Eq)]
+// NOTE: Deriving PartialEq requires that a given string must always be interned the same way.
+pub struct Atom<Static> {
+ unsafe_data: NonZeroU64,
+ phantom: PhantomData<Static>,
+}
+
+// This isn't really correct as the Atoms can technically take up space. But I guess it's ok
+// as it is possible to measure the size of the atom set separately/
+#[cfg(feature = "malloc_size_of")]
+impl<Static: StaticAtomSet> malloc_size_of::MallocSizeOf for Atom<Static> {
+ fn size_of(&self, _ops: &mut malloc_size_of::MallocSizeOfOps) -> usize {
+ 0
+ }
+}
+
+// FIXME: bound removed from the struct definition before of this error for pack_static:
+// "error[E0723]: trait bounds other than `Sized` on const fn parameters are unstable"
+// https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/57563
+impl<Static> Atom<Static> {
+ /// For the atom!() macros
+ #[inline(always)]
+ #[doc(hidden)]
+ pub const fn pack_static(n: u32) -> Self {
+ Self {
+ unsafe_data: unsafe {
+ // STATIC_TAG ensures this is non-zero
+ NonZeroU64::new_unchecked((STATIC_TAG as u64) | ((n as u64) << STATIC_SHIFT_BITS))
+ },
+ phantom: PhantomData,
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// For the atom!() macros
+ #[inline(always)]
+ #[doc(hidden)]
+ pub const fn pack_inline(mut n: u64, len: u8) -> Self {
+ if cfg!(target_endian = "big") {
+ // Reverse order of top 7 bytes.
+ // Bottom 8 bits of `n` are zero, and we need that to remain so.
+ // String data is stored in top 7 bytes, tag and length in bottom byte.
+ n = n.to_le() << 8;
+ }
+
+ let data: u64 = (INLINE_TAG as u64) | ((len as u64) << LEN_OFFSET) | n;
+ Self {
+ // INLINE_TAG ensures this is never zero
+ unsafe_data: unsafe { NonZeroU64::new_unchecked(data) },
+ phantom: PhantomData,
+ }
+ }
+
+ fn tag(&self) -> u8 {
+ (self.unsafe_data.get() & TAG_MASK) as u8
+ }
+}
+
+impl<Static: StaticAtomSet> Atom<Static> {
+ /// Return the internal representation. For testing.
+ #[doc(hidden)]
+ pub fn unsafe_data(&self) -> u64 {
+ self.unsafe_data.get()
+ }
+
+ /// Return true if this is a static Atom. For testing.
+ #[doc(hidden)]
+ pub fn is_static(&self) -> bool {
+ self.tag() == STATIC_TAG
+ }
+
+ /// Return true if this is a dynamic Atom. For testing.
+ #[doc(hidden)]
+ pub fn is_dynamic(&self) -> bool {
+ self.tag() == DYNAMIC_TAG
+ }
+
+ /// Return true if this is an inline Atom. For testing.
+ #[doc(hidden)]
+ pub fn is_inline(&self) -> bool {
+ self.tag() == INLINE_TAG
+ }
+
+ fn static_index(&self) -> u64 {
+ self.unsafe_data.get() >> STATIC_SHIFT_BITS
+ }
+
+ /// Get the hash of the string as it is stored in the set.
+ pub fn get_hash(&self) -> u32 {
+ match self.tag() {
+ DYNAMIC_TAG => {
+ let entry = self.unsafe_data.get() as *const Entry;
+ unsafe { (*entry).hash }
+ }
+ STATIC_TAG => Static::get().hashes[self.static_index() as usize],
+ INLINE_TAG => {
+ let data = self.unsafe_data.get();
+ // This may or may not be great...
+ ((data >> 32) ^ data) as u32
+ }
+ _ => unsafe { debug_unreachable!() },
+ }
+ }
+
+ pub fn try_static(string_to_add: &str) -> Option<Self> {
+ Self::try_static_internal(string_to_add).ok()
+ }
+
+ fn try_static_internal(string_to_add: &str) -> Result<Self, phf_shared::Hashes> {
+ let static_set = Static::get();
+ let hash = phf_shared::hash(&*string_to_add, &static_set.key);
+ let index = phf_shared::get_index(&hash, static_set.disps, static_set.atoms.len());
+
+ if static_set.atoms[index as usize] == string_to_add {
+ Ok(Self::pack_static(index))
+ } else {
+ Err(hash)
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+impl<Static: StaticAtomSet> Default for Atom<Static> {
+ #[inline]
+ fn default() -> Self {
+ Atom::pack_static(Static::empty_string_index())
+ }
+}
+
+impl<Static: StaticAtomSet> Hash for Atom<Static> {
+ #[inline]
+ fn hash<H>(&self, state: &mut H)
+ where
+ H: Hasher,
+ {
+ state.write_u32(self.get_hash())
+ }
+}
+
+impl<'a, Static: StaticAtomSet> From<Cow<'a, str>> for Atom<Static> {
+ fn from(string_to_add: Cow<'a, str>) -> Self {
+ let len = string_to_add.len();
+ if len == 0 {
+ Self::pack_static(Static::empty_string_index())
+ } else if len <= MAX_INLINE_LEN {
+ let mut data: u64 = (INLINE_TAG as u64) | ((len as u64) << LEN_OFFSET);
+ {
+ let dest = inline_atom_slice_mut(&mut data);
+ dest[..len].copy_from_slice(string_to_add.as_bytes());
+ }
+ Atom {
+ // INLINE_TAG ensures this is never zero
+ unsafe_data: unsafe { NonZeroU64::new_unchecked(data) },
+ phantom: PhantomData,
+ }
+ } else {
+ Self::try_static_internal(&*string_to_add).unwrap_or_else(|hash| {
+ let ptr: std::ptr::NonNull<Entry> = dynamic_set().insert(string_to_add, hash.g);
+ let data = ptr.as_ptr() as u64;
+ debug_assert!(0 == data & TAG_MASK);
+ Atom {
+ // The address of a ptr::NonNull is non-zero
+ unsafe_data: unsafe { NonZeroU64::new_unchecked(data) },
+ phantom: PhantomData,
+ }
+ })
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+impl<Static: StaticAtomSet> Clone for Atom<Static> {
+ #[inline(always)]
+ fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+ if self.tag() == DYNAMIC_TAG {
+ let entry = self.unsafe_data.get() as *const Entry;
+ unsafe { &*entry }.ref_count.fetch_add(1, SeqCst);
+ }
+ Atom { ..*self }
+ }
+}
+
+impl<Static> Drop for Atom<Static> {
+ #[inline]
+ fn drop(&mut self) {
+ if self.tag() == DYNAMIC_TAG {
+ let entry = self.unsafe_data.get() as *const Entry;
+ if unsafe { &*entry }.ref_count.fetch_sub(1, SeqCst) == 1 {
+ drop_slow(self)
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Out of line to guide inlining.
+ fn drop_slow<Static>(this: &mut Atom<Static>) {
+ dynamic_set().remove(this.unsafe_data.get() as *mut Entry);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+impl<Static: StaticAtomSet> ops::Deref for Atom<Static> {
+ type Target = str;
+
+ #[inline]
+ fn deref(&self) -> &str {
+ unsafe {
+ match self.tag() {
+ DYNAMIC_TAG => {
+ let entry = self.unsafe_data.get() as *const Entry;
+ &(*entry).string
+ }
+ INLINE_TAG => {
+ let len = (self.unsafe_data() & LEN_MASK) >> LEN_OFFSET;
+ debug_assert!(len as usize <= MAX_INLINE_LEN);
+ let src = inline_atom_slice(&self.unsafe_data);
+ str::from_utf8_unchecked(src.get_unchecked(..(len as usize)))
+ }
+ STATIC_TAG => Static::get().atoms[self.static_index() as usize],
+ _ => debug_unreachable!(),
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+impl<Static: StaticAtomSet> fmt::Debug for Atom<Static> {
+ #[inline]
+ fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+ let ty_str = unsafe {
+ match self.tag() {
+ DYNAMIC_TAG => "dynamic",
+ INLINE_TAG => "inline",
+ STATIC_TAG => "static",
+ _ => debug_unreachable!(),
+ }
+ };
+
+ write!(f, "Atom('{}' type={})", &*self, ty_str)
+ }
+}
+
+impl<Static: StaticAtomSet> PartialOrd for Atom<Static> {
+ #[inline]
+ fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<Ordering> {
+ if self.unsafe_data == other.unsafe_data {
+ return Some(Equal);
+ }
+ self.as_ref().partial_cmp(other.as_ref())
+ }
+}
+
+impl<Static: StaticAtomSet> Ord for Atom<Static> {
+ #[inline]
+ fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering {
+ if self.unsafe_data == other.unsafe_data {
+ return Equal;
+ }
+ self.as_ref().cmp(other.as_ref())
+ }
+}
+
+// AsciiExt requires mutating methods, so we just implement the non-mutating ones.
+// We don't need to implement is_ascii because there's no performance improvement
+// over the one from &str.
+impl<Static: StaticAtomSet> Atom<Static> {
+ fn from_mutated_str<F: FnOnce(&mut str)>(s: &str, f: F) -> Self {
+ let mut buffer = mem::MaybeUninit::<[u8; 64]>::uninit();
+ let buffer = unsafe { &mut *buffer.as_mut_ptr() };
+
+ if let Some(buffer_prefix) = buffer.get_mut(..s.len()) {
+ buffer_prefix.copy_from_slice(s.as_bytes());
+ let as_str = unsafe { ::std::str::from_utf8_unchecked_mut(buffer_prefix) };
+ f(as_str);
+ Atom::from(&*as_str)
+ } else {
+ let mut string = s.to_owned();
+ f(&mut string);
+ Atom::from(string)
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Like [`to_ascii_uppercase`].
+ ///
+ /// [`to_ascii_uppercase`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ascii/trait.AsciiExt.html#tymethod.to_ascii_uppercase
+ pub fn to_ascii_uppercase(&self) -> Self {
+ for (i, b) in self.bytes().enumerate() {
+ if let b'a'..=b'z' = b {
+ return Atom::from_mutated_str(self, |s| s[i..].make_ascii_uppercase());
+ }
+ }
+ self.clone()
+ }
+
+ /// Like [`to_ascii_lowercase`].
+ ///
+ /// [`to_ascii_lowercase`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ascii/trait.AsciiExt.html#tymethod.to_ascii_lowercase
+ pub fn to_ascii_lowercase(&self) -> Self {
+ for (i, b) in self.bytes().enumerate() {
+ if let b'A'..=b'Z' = b {
+ return Atom::from_mutated_str(self, |s| s[i..].make_ascii_lowercase());
+ }
+ }
+ self.clone()
+ }
+
+ /// Like [`eq_ignore_ascii_case`].
+ ///
+ /// [`eq_ignore_ascii_case`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ascii/trait.AsciiExt.html#tymethod.eq_ignore_ascii_case
+ pub fn eq_ignore_ascii_case(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+ (self == other) || self.eq_str_ignore_ascii_case(&**other)
+ }
+
+ /// Like [`eq_ignore_ascii_case`], but takes an unhashed string as `other`.
+ ///
+ /// [`eq_ignore_ascii_case`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ascii/trait.AsciiExt.html#tymethod.eq_ignore_ascii_case
+ pub fn eq_str_ignore_ascii_case(&self, other: &str) -> bool {
+ (&**self).eq_ignore_ascii_case(other)
+ }
+}
+
+#[inline(always)]
+fn inline_atom_slice(x: &NonZeroU64) -> &[u8] {
+ let x: *const NonZeroU64 = x;
+ let mut data = x as *const u8;
+ // All except the lowest byte, which is first in little-endian, last in big-endian.
+ if cfg!(target_endian = "little") {
+ data = unsafe { data.offset(1) };
+ }
+ let len = 7;
+ unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts(data, len) }
+}
+
+#[inline(always)]
+fn inline_atom_slice_mut(x: &mut u64) -> &mut [u8] {
+ let x: *mut u64 = x;
+ let mut data = x as *mut u8;
+ // All except the lowest byte, which is first in little-endian, last in big-endian.
+ if cfg!(target_endian = "little") {
+ data = unsafe { data.offset(1) };
+ }
+ let len = 7;
+ unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(data, len) }
+}