Learning Profile for Assignment #2, And Question #4

Name: Mo Khan
Student ID: 3431709

1. Problem Statement:

  Craps is a dice game where two dice are rolled.
  Each die has six faces representing values:

  1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

    1. If the sum is 2, 3, or 12 (called craps), you lose;
    1. If the sum is 7 or 11 (called natural), you win;
    1. If the sum is any other value (4, 5, 6, 8, 9, or 10), a value point is established, and you continue to roll until you either roll a sum of the value point or a 7.
      If the sum of the new roll is equal to the value point, then you win; if the sum of the new roll is equal to 7, then you lose.
      Remember, in option (III), you continue to roll until you get a 7 or the value point.

  Sample runs:

  * You rolled 5 + 6 = 11; you win
  * You rolled 1 + 2 = 3; you lose
  * You rolled 2 + 2 = 4; you establish the value point 4;
    – Roll again 2 + 3 = 5; roll
    – Roll again 2 + 1 = 3; roll
    – Roll again 2 + 2 = 4; you win
  * You rolled 2 + 6 = 8; you establish the value point 8;
    – Roll again 4 + 4 = 8; you win
  * You rolled 3 + 2 = 5; you establish the value point 5;
    – Roll again 1 + 1 = 2; roll
    – Roll again 2 + 2 = 4; roll
  * Roll again 1 + 1 = 2; roll
  * Roll again 3 + 4 = 7; you lose

  Develop a program that plays craps with a player three times.
  At the end, the program prints the number of times the player won and the number of times the player lost.

1. Description of the Code:

  I solved this problem by creating a class called `RandomSumGame` as per
  the class diagram. I added two instance variables named `wins` and
  `losses` to keep track of how many times the player won or lost.

  To try to make the API of this class more testable, I chose to pass the
  `PrintStream` in as a parameter to the constructor. This example of
  dependency injection, made it possible to write unit tests to ensure the
  proper output is printed to the stream.

  To simplify the problem, I split it up into two types of game play. The
  rules for the initial roll is slightly different for the rules for
  subsequent rolls. I created two methods named `firstPlay` and `subsequentPlay`.
  This made it easy to focus on the rules for the initial roll in the
  `firstPlay` method and the rules for the subsequent roles in the
  `subsequentPlay` method.

  To roll the dice, I extracted a method called `roll` that returns a
  random number between 1 - 6.

  To keep track of the wins/losses, I delegating to the `win` or `lose`
  methods to print a message to the screen and increment a win/loss
  counter.

  In the `main` method, I added a header for the game, then created an
  instace of the game, ran 3 rounds of the game and printed the final
  results afterwards.

  There were some unneccessary instance variables, but I kept them to
  ensure that I satisfy the desired API described in the class diagram.
  In a few cases, local variables and recursion was more than enough.

  I used `recursion` to handle subsequent rolls when a value point is
  established. With any recursion it's important to have a solid base
  case. In this case the base case was either rolling a 7 or the value
  point. These values are randomly generated, so it is possible to produce
  an infinte loop due to randomness.

1. Errors and Warnings:
1. Sample Input and Output:

  1. 3 losses

    ```bash
    Welcome to Craps
    ================

    Game 1
    You rolled: 5
    Value point established: 5
    You rolled: 7
    You lose.

    Game 2
    You rolled: 6
    Value point established: 6
    You rolled: 5
    You rolled: 9
    You rolled: 7
    You lose.

    Game 3
    You rolled: 3
    Craps! You lose.

    ================
    Wins: 0
    Losses: 3
    ```


  1. 3 wins

    ```bash
    java -cp target/assignment2*.jar ca.mokhan.comp268.App 4
    Welcome to Craps
    ================

    Game 1
    You rolled: 7
    Natural! You win!

    Game 2
    You rolled: 7
    Natural! You win!

    Game 3
    You rolled: 5
    Value point established: 5
    You rolled: 6
    You rolled: 4
    You rolled: 8
    You rolled: 5
    You win!

    ================
    Wins: 3
    Losses: 0
    ```

  1. 2 wins, 1 loss

    ```bash
    Welcome to Craps
    ================

    Game 1
    You rolled: 4
    Value point established: 4
    You rolled: 3
    You rolled: 9
    You rolled: 7
    You lose.

    Game 2
    You rolled: 8
    Value point established: 8
    You rolled: 8
    You win!

    Game 3
    You rolled: 8
    Value point established: 8
    You rolled: 2
    You rolled: 8
    You win!

    ================
    Wins: 2
    Losses: 1
    ```

1. Discussion: